Monday, January 12

సంక్రాంతి

సూర్యభగవానుడు దక్షిణాయనం (దేవతలకు రాత్రి సమయం) నుండి ఉత్తరాయణం (దేవతలకు పగలు) లో కి ప్రవేశించే సమయం లో మనం సంక్రాంతి పండగను జరుపుకొంటాము. సంక్రాంతి అనే సంస్కృత పదానికి అర్దము శుభ సమయము.
ఆంగ్ల సంవత్సరం ప్రకారం మనకు వచ్చే మొదటి పండగ. మేము ఐతే పండగను పెద్దపండ అని పిలుస్తాము.

సంక్రాంతి నాల్గురోజుల పండగ. మొదటి రోజు భోగి. తెలవార్జామునే లేచి ఇంటి ముంగిట భోగి మంటలు వేస్తారు. ఇంట్లో ఉన్నపాత / వాడని వస్తువులు, తాటాకులు బోగిమంటలో వేస్తారు. రైతులకు పంట చేతికి వచ్చి ఇల్లు చేరుస్తున్న సమయంలో ఇంటిని శుభ్రం చేస్తూ ఇంట్లో ఉన్నచెత్త అంతా భోగి మంటల రూపం లో వేసి ఇంటిని కొత్త ధాన్యానికి అనుగుణంగా మలుస్తారు. భోగిమంటలో కాల్చిన తేగలు ఎంత రుచిగా ఉంటాయి అంటే మాటలలో చెప్పలేను.
దారిద్ర్యాన్ని నశిం చేస్తూ శ్రీ మహా లక్ష్మి ని మన ఇంటికి ఆహ్వానిస్తున్నమనే భోగి యొక్క అర్ధము.
నాల్గు రోజులు పార్వతి దేవిని గొబ్బెమ్మ రూపంలో పూజిస్తారు. కనుమ పక్కరోజు గొబ్బెమ్మను గర్లో న్న నదిలో కాని చెరువులో కాని, వసతి లేకపోతే పెరటిలోని బావిలో కాని వాలాడిస్తారు ( నిమర్జనం చేయడం).

రెండవ రోజు సంక్రాంతి...సంక్రాంతి అనగానే మనకు ముందుగ గుర్తు వచ్చేది ముఖ్యంగా ....
కొత్త అల్లుళ్ళు ,తెలవార్జామున వచ్చే జంగమ దేవరులు (సంక్రాంతి నెలలో మాత్రమే వస్తారు) , రిదాసులు, బుడబుక్కలవాడు, గంగిరెద్దువాళ్లు ,కోడి పందేలు, గాలిపటాలు, పిండివంటలు ముఖ్యంగా అరిసెలు, మణుగుపూలు(జంతికలు ).

రైతులకు పంట చేతికి వచ్చి ధాన్యాని ఇంటికి చేర్చే వేళ అందరు సంతోషం తో పొద్దునే లేచి వాకిట్లో కళ్ళాపి చల్లి రంగుల ముగ్గుల మద్యలో గొబ్బెమ్మలను (పార్వతిదేవి) పెట్టి, తలంటు స్నానాలు చేసి, పాలు పొంగించి కొత్త ధాన్యం తో పొంగలి వండి, దేవుడికి నైవేద్యం పెడతారు. సంక్రాంతి రోజు బొమ్మలకొలువు పెట్టే సంప్రదాయం కూడా చాలామందికి ఉంది.

మూడవరోజు కనుమ. రైతులు తమ దగ్గర ఉన్నపశు సంపదకు (ఆవులు, ఎద్దులు ....) పూజ చేస్తారు. అవి తమ ధాన్య సంపాదనకు ఎంతగానో సహాయం చేసినందుకు వాటిని గౌరవిస్తూ పూజిస్తారు. నాల్గవరోజు ముక్కనుమగా జరుపుతారు.
కనుమ రోజు ఎటువంటి సందర్భం లోను ప్రయాణాలు చేయరు.





మకర జ్యోతి

శబరిమల ఆలయానికి మకరవిల్లకు పండుగ చాల ముఖ్యమైనది . మకరసంక్రాంతి నుండి 7 రోజులు ఈ పండుగ జరుపుతారు .

మకరసంక్రాంతి కంటే 3 రోజుల ముందు పండ
Jewelbox of Swamy Ayyappaలం అను ప్రాంతం లో ఉన్న వలియ కోయిక్కల్ శాస్త ఆలయం నుండి స్వామి వారి ఆభరణాలు తెస్కొని వస్తారు. ఆభరణాల పెట్టెను మోస్తున వ్యక్తి స్వామి నామస్మరణతో పారవశ్యం చెందుతూ , మద్యలో కొన్ని దేవాలయాల ముందు ఆగుతూ , శబరిమల చేరుతారు . సాయం సంధ్య వేళలో దీపాల వెలుగులో , బాజా బజంత్రీ లతో , స్వామి ఆభరణాలను సన్నిధానం లో కి చేరుస్తారు .ఆ సమయలో ఆకాసంలో ఒక గద్ద ఆ పెట్టె చుట్టూ ఓ ప్రదక్షణ చేసి వెళ్ళిపోతుంది .

చీకటి పడే వేళకి, భక్తుల చూపు అంతా ఉత్తర -తూర్పు దిక్కుల మధ్యకి కేంద్రీకృతం అవుతుంది . అది మకర జ్యోతి ఆస్సన్నం అయ్యే సమయం .జ్యోతి దర్శనం ....శరణు ఘోష తో శబరిమల మారు మ్రోగి పోతుంది . భక్తుల కి చెప్పలేని సంతోషం , ఆనందం . ఆ జ్యోతి ని కళ్లారా చూసి జన్మ తరింప చేస్కొంటారు .




మనిమందపం దగ్గర , మెట్ల పూజ నిర్వహిస్తారు . పూజ తర్వాత మాలికాపురతమ్మ ఏనుగు అంబారి పైన , మేళ్ళ తాళాలతో పతినేట్టంపడి గుండా ప్రధాన ఆలయం చేరుతుంది .



7 రోజుల ఉత్యవాలు "గురుతి "అనే ఉత్యవం తో ముగుస్తాయి .

Sunday, January 11

శ్రీ విష్ణు సహస్రనామము (4)

91. Bhara-bhrut kathito yogi yogishah sarva-kamadah
Ashramah shramanah kshamah suparno vayu-vahanah

Bhara-bhrut: One who bears the weight of the earth assuming the form of Ananta.


Kathito: One who is spoken of as the highest by the Veda or one of whom all Vedas speak.


Yogi: Yoga here means knowledge. So He who is attained by that is Yogi. Or Yoga means

Samadhi. He who is ever established in His own Self, that is, the Paramatma. He is therefore Yogi.


Yogishah: He who is never shaken from Yoga or knowledge and establishment in His own Self, unlike ordinary Yogis who slip away from Yoga on account of obstacles.


Sarva-kamadah: One who bestows all desired fruits.


Ashramah: One who is the bestower of rest on all who are wandering in the forest of Samsara.


Shramanah: One who brings tribulations to those who live without using their discriminative power.


Kshamah: He who brings about the decline of all beings.


Suparnah: The lord who has manifested Himself as the tree of Samsara has excellent leaves (Parna) in the form of Vedic passages (Chandas).


Vayu-vahanah: He for fear of whom Vayu (Air) carries all beings.



92. Dhanurdharo dhanurvedo dando damayita damah

Aparajitah sarvasaho niyanta niyamo yamah

Dhanurdharo: He who as Rama wielded the great bow.


Dhanurvedo: He who as the same Rama, the son of Dasharatha, was the master of the science of archery.


Dando: He who is discipline among the disciplinarians.


Damayita: He who inflicts punishments on people as Yama and as king.


Damah: He who is in the form of self-descipline in men as a result of enforcement.


Aparajitah: One who is never defeated by enemies.


Sarvasaho: One who is expert in all Karmas (works).


Niyanta: One who appoints every person to his respective duties.


Aniyamo: One on whom there is no enforcement of any law, or above whom there can be no overlord to enforce anything, as He is the controller of everything.


Ayamah: One on whom Yama has no control, that is one who has no death.



93. Satvavan satvikah satyah satya-dharma-parayanah

Abhiprayah priyarho-rhah priyakrut pritivardhanah

Satvavan: One who has got the strengthening qualities like heroism, prowess etc.


Satvikah: One who is established essentially in the Satva Guna.


Satyah: One who is truly established in good people.


Satya-dharma-parayanah: One who is present in truthfulness and righteousness in its many aspects.


Abhiprayah: The One who is sought after by those who seek the ultimate values of life (Purushartha).


Priyarhah: The being to whom the objects that are dear to oneself, are fit to be offered.


Arhah: One who deserves to be worshipped with all the ingredients and rites of worship like offerings, praise, prostration etc.


Priyakrut: One who is not only to be loved but who does what is good and dear to those who worship Him.


Pritivardhanah: One who enhances the joys of devotees.



94. Vihayasagatir jyotih suruchir huta-bhug vibhuh
Ravir virochanah suryah savita ravilochanah

Vihayasagatir: One who is the support of Vishupada.


Jyotih: One who is the light of self-luminous consciousness that reveals oneself as well as other things.


Suruchir: The Lord whose Ruchi i.e. brilliance or will, is of an attractive nature.


Huta-bhug: One who eats, that is, receives, whatever is offered to whatever deities (Devas) in all sacrifices.


Vibhuh: One who dwells everywhere. Or one who is the master of all the three worlds.


Ravir: One who absorbs all Rasas (fluids) in the form of the Sun.


Virochanah: One who shines in many ways.


Suryah: One who generates Shri or brilliance in Surya. Or Agni (Fire) is what is called Surya.


Savita: One who brings forth (Prasava) all the worlds.


Ravi-lochanah: One having the sun as the eye.



95. Ananto huta-bhug bhokta sukhado naikajo-grajah

Anirvinnah sadamarshi lokadhishthana-madbhutah

Ananto: One who is eternal, all-pervading and indeterminable by space and time.


Hutabhuk: One who consumes what is offered in firesacrifices.


Bhokta: One to whom the unconscious Prakruti is the object for enjoyment.


Sukhado: One who bestows liberation (Miksha) on devotees.


Naikajo: One who takes on birth again and again for the preservation of Dharma.


Agrajah: One who was born before everything else, that is, Hiranya-garbha.


Anirvinnah: One who is free from all sorrow, because he has secured all his desires and has no obstruction in the way of such achievement.


Sadamarshi: One who is always patient towards good men.


Lokadhishthanam: Brahman who, though without any other support for Himself, supports all the three worlds.


Adbhutah: The wonderful being.



96. Sanat sanatana-tamah kapilah kapir avyayah

Svastidah svastikrut svasti svastibhuk svasti-dakshinah

Sanat: The word Sanat indicates a great length of time. Time also is the manifestation of the Supreme Being.


Sanatana-tamah: Being the cause of all, He is more ancient than Brahma and other beings, who are generally considered eternal.


Kapilah: A subterranean fire in the ocean is Kapila, light red in colour.


Kapir: ‘Ka’ means water. One who drinks or absorbs all water by his Kapi, that is, the sun.


Avyayah: One in whom all the worlds get dissolved in Pralaya.


Svastidah: One who gives what is auspicious to devotees.


Svastikrut: One who works bestowing what is good.


Svasti: One whose auspicious form is characterized by supreme Bliss.


Svastibhuk: One who enjoys the Svasti mentioned above or who preserves the Svasti of devotees.


Svasti-dakshinah: One who augments as Svasti (auspiciousness).



97. Araudrah kundali chakri vikramyurjita-shasanah

Shabdatigah shabdasahah sisirah sarvari-karah

Araudrah: Action, attachment and anger these three are Raudra. The Lord is one whose desires are all accomplished, so He has no attachment or aversion. So He is free from theRaudras mentioned above.


Kundali: One who has taken the form of Adisesha.


Chakri: One who sports in his hand the discus named Sudarshana, which is the category known as Manas, for the protection of all the worlds.


Vikrami: Vikrama means taking a stride, as also courage.


Urjita-shasanah: One whose dictates in the form of shrutis and smrutis are of an extremely sublime nature.


Shabdatigah: One who cannot be denoted by any sound because He has none of the characteristics, which could be grasped by sound.


Sabdasahah: One who is the purport of all Vedas.


Sisirah: One who is the shelter to those who are bruning in the three types of wordly fires – sufferings arising from material causes, psychological causes and spiritual causes.


Sarvari-karah: For those in bondage, the Atman is like Sarvari (night) and for an enlightened one the state of samsara is like night (Sarvari). So the Lord is called the one who generates Sarvari or night for both the enlightened and the bound ones.



98. Akrurah peshalo daksho dakshinah kshiminam varah

Vidvattamo vitabhayah punya-shravana-kirtanah

Akrurah: One who is without cruelty.


Peshalo: One who is handsome in regard to His actions, mind, word and body.


Daksho: One who is fullgrown, strong and does every thing quickly, such a person is Daksha.


Dakshinah: This word is also means the same as the above Nama.


Kshiminam varah: The greatest among the patient ones, because He is more patient than all Yogis noted for patience.


Vidvattamo: He who has got the unsurpassable and all-inclusive knowledge of everything.


Vitabhayah: One who, being eternally free and the Lord of all, is free from the fear of trnsmigratory life.


Punya-shravana-kirtanah: One to hear about whom and to sing of whom is meritorious.



99. Uttarano dushkrutiha punyo duh-svapna-nasanah

Viraha rakshanah santo jivanah paryavasthitah

Uttarano: One who takes beings over to the other shore of the ocean of Samsara.


Dushkrutiha: One who effaces the evil effects of evil actions. Or one who destroys those who perform evil.


Punyo: One who bestows holiness on those who remember and adore Him.


Duh-svapna-nasanah: When adored and meditated upon, He saves one from dreams foreboding danger. Hence He is called so.


Viraha: One who frees Jivas from bondage and thus saves them from the various transmigratory paths by bestowing liberation on them.


Rakshanah: One who, assuming the Satvaguna, protects all the three worlds.


Santo: Those who adopt the virtuous path are called good men (Santah).


Jivanah: One who supports the lives of all beings as Prana.


Paryavasthitah: One who remains pervading everywhere in this universe.



100. Ananta-rupo ananta-shri jitamanyur bhayapahah

Chaturashro gabhiratma vidisho vyadisho dishah

Ananta-rupo: One who has innumerable forms, as He dwells in this all-comprehending universe.


Ananta-shri: One whose Shri (glory) is infinite.


Jitamanyur: One who has overcome anger.


Bhayapahah: One who destroys the fears of beings from Samsara.


Chaturashro: One who is just, because He bestows on Jivas the fruits of their Karma.


Gabhiratma: One whose nature is unfathomable.


Vidisho: One who distributes various furits of actions to persons differing in their forms according to competency.


Vyadisho: One who gives to Indra and other deities directions according to their varied functions.


Dishah: One who in the form of the Vedas bestows the fruits of their ritualistic actions on different beings.



101. Anadi bhurbhuvo lakshmih suviro ruchirangadah
Janano janajanmadir bhimo bhima-parakramah


Anandi: One who has no beginning because He is the ultimate cause of all.

Bhurbhuvo: ‘Bhu’ means support. One who is the support (Bhu) of even the earth, which is known to support all things.

Lakshmih: He who is the bestower of all that is auspicious to the earth besides being its supporter.

Suviro: One who has many brilliant ways of manifestation.

Ruchirangadah: One who has very attractive armlets.

Janano: One who gives brith to living beings.

Jana-janmadir: One who is the root cause of the origin of Jivas that come to have embodiment.

Bhimo: One who is the cause of fear.

Bhima-parakramah: One whose power and courage in His incarnations were a cause of fear for the Asuras.


102. Adharanilayo dhata pushpahasah prajagarah
Urdhvagah sat-pathacharah pranadah pranavah panah


Adharanilayo: One who is the support of even all the basic supporting factors like the five elements – Ether, Air, Fire, Water and Earth.

Adhata: One who is one’s own support and therefore does not require another support.

Pushpahasah: One whose manifestation as the universe resembles the Hasa or blooming of buds into flowers.

Prajagarah: One who is particularly awake, because He is eternal Awareness.

Urdhvagah: One who is above everything.

Sat-pathacharah: One who follows the conduct of the good.

Pranadah: One who givesback life to dead ones as in the case of Parikshit.

Pranavah: Pranava (Om) the manifesting sound symbol of Brahman. As He is inseparably related with Pranava, He is called Pranava.

Panah: It comes from the root ‘Prana’ meaning transaction. So one who bestows the fruits of Karma on all according to their Karma.


103. Prmanam prananilayah pranabhrut pranajivanah
Tatvam tatvavidekatma janma-mrutyu-jaratigah


Pramanam: One who is self-certifying, as He is Pure Consciousness.

Prananilayah: The home or dissolving ground of the Pranas.

Pranabhrut: One who strengthens the Pranas as food (Anna).

Pranajivanah: He who keeps alive human beings with Vayus (airs) known as Prana, Apana etc.,

Tatvam: Means Brahman, just as words like Amruta, Satya, Paramartha etc.

Tatvavid: One who knowns His own true nature.

Ekatma: One who is the sole being and the spirit (Atma) in all.

Janma-mrutyu-jaratigah: One who subsists without being subject to the six kinds of transformations – being born, existing, temporarily, growing, transforming, decaying and dying.


104. Bhurbhuvah svastarus-tarah savita prapitamahah
Yagyo yagya-patir-yajva yagyango yagya-vahanah

Bhur-bhuvah-svastarus: The three Vyahrutis Bhuh, Bhuvah, Svah are said to be the essence of the Veda.

Tarah: One who helps Jivas to go across the ocean of Samsara.

Savita: He who generates all the worlds.

Prapitamahah: One who is the father of Brahma and therefore the grandfather of all.

Yagyo: One who is of the form of Yagya.

Yagya-patir: One who is the protector and the master of the Yagyas.

Yajva: One who manifests as the performer of a Yagya.

Yagyango: All the parts of His body as the incarnate Cosmic Boar are identified with the parts of a yagya.

Yagya-vahanah: One who supports the Yagya which yield various fruits.


105. Yagyabhrud yagyakrud yagyi yagyabhrug yagyasadhanah
Yagyanantakrud yagyaguhyam annam annada eva cha

Yagyabhrud: He is so called, because He is the protector and supporter of all yagyas.

Yagyakrud: One who performs Yagya at the beginnig and end of the world.

Yagyi: One who is the Principal.

Yagyabhrug: One who is the enjoyer of Yagya or Protector of Yagya.

Yagyasadhanah: One to whom the Yagya is the approach.

Yagyanantakrud: One who is the end or the furits of yagya.

Yagyaguhyam: The gyana yagya or the sacrifice of knowledge, which is the esoteric (Guhyam) of all the yagyams.

Annam: That which is eaten by living beings. Or He who eats all beings.

Annada eva cha: One who is the eater of the whole world as food. The word Eva is added to show that He is also Anna, the food eaten.


106. Atmayonih svayamjato vaikhanah samagayanah
Devaki-nandanah srashtha kshitishah papanashanah


Atmayonih: One who is the source of all; that is, there is no material cause other than Himself for the universe.

Svayam-jato: He is also the instrumental cause.

Vaikhanah: One who excavated the earth, taking a unique form.

Samagayanah: One who recites the Sama chants.

Devakidddd-nandanah: The Son of Devaki in the incarnation as Krishna.

Srashtha: The creator of all the worlds.

Kshitishah: A master of the world. Here it denotes Rama.

Papanashanah: He who destroys the sins of those who adore Him, meditate upon Him, remember and sing hymns of praise on Him.

107. Shankhabrun -nandaki chakri sharangadhnva gadadharah
Rathanga panirakshobhyah sarva-praharanayudhah

Shankhabrun: One who sports the conch known as Panchajanya, which stands for Tamasahamkara, of which the five elements are born.

Nandaki: One who has in His hand the sword known as Nandaka, which stands for Vidya (spiritual illumination).

Chakri: One who sports the discus known as Sudarshana, which stands for the Rajasahamkara, out of which the Indriyas have come.

Gadadharah: One who has the mace known as the Kaumodaki, which stands for the category of Buddhi.

Rathangapani: One in whose hand is a wheel (Chakra).

Rakshobhyah: One who cannot be upset by anything, because He controls all the above-mentioned weapons.

Sarva-praharana-yudhah: There is no rule that the Lord has got only the above-mentioned weapons. All things, which can be used for contacting or striking, are His weapons.

108. Vanamali gadi sharangi shankhi chakri cha nandaki

Shriman narayano vishnur-vasudevo-abhirakshatu



People who is in old age, unable to sit todo parayana of Vishnu Sahasranaamam, they chant only " Sri raama raama raamethi, rame raame manorame Sahasra naama tatulyam raama naama varaanane " atleast one time. This chant equal to Vishnu Sahasranama Parayana.







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Friday, January 9

శ్రీ విష్ణు సహస్రనామము (3)

61. Sudhanva-khandaparashur-daruno dravinapradah
Divah-spruk sarva-drug vyaso vachaspatir ayonijah

Sudhanva: One who has got as His weapon the bow named Saranga of great excellence.

Khanda-parashur: The battle-axe that destroys enemies.


Daruno: One who is harsh and merciless to those who are on the evil path.


Dravinapradah: One who bestows the desired wealth on devotees.


Divah-spruk: One who touches the heavens.


Sarva-drug vyaso: One whose comprehension includes everything in its ambit.


Vachaspatir ayonijah: The Lord is Vachaspati because He is the master of all learning. He is Ayonija because He was not born of a mother. This forms a noun in combination with the attribute.



62. Trisama samagah sama nirvanam bheshajam bhishak

Sanyasakrut chamah santo nishtha shantih parayanam

Trisama: One who is praised by the chanters of Sama-gana through the three Samas known as Devavratam.


Samagah: One who chants the Sama-gana.


Sama: Among the Vedas, I am Sama Veda.


Nirvanam: That in which all miseries cease and which is of the nature of supreme bliss.


Bheshajam: The medicine for the disease of Samsara.


Bhishak: The Lord is called Bhishak or physician.


Sanyasakrut: One who instituted the fourth Ashrama of Sanyasa for the attainment of Moksha.


Chamah: One who has ordained the pacification of the mind as the most important discipline for
Sannyasins (ascetics).


Santo: The peaceful, being without interest in pleasures of the world.


Nishtha: One in whom all beings remain in abeyance at the time of Pralaya.


Santih: One in whom there is complete erasing of Avidya or ignorance. That is Brahman.


Parayanam: The state, which is the highest and from which there is no return to lower states.



63. Shubhangah shantidah srashta kumudah kuvalesayah

Gohito gopatir gopta vrushabhaksho vrushapriyah

Shubhangah: One with a handsome form.


Shantidah: One who bestows shanti, that is, a state of freedom from attachment, antagonism, etc.


Srashta: One who brought forth everything at the start of the creative cycle.


Kumudah: ‘Ku’ means the earth. One who delights in it.


Kuvalesayah: ‘Ku’ means earth. That which surrounds it is water, so ‘Kuvala’ means water. One who lies in water is Kuvalesaya. ‘Kuvala’ also means the underside of serpents. One wholies on a
serpent, known as Adisesha, is Kuvalesaya.


Gohito: One who protected the cows by uplifting the mount Govardhana in His incarnation as Krishna.


Gopatir: The Lord of the earth is Vishnu.


Gopta: One who is the protector of the earth. Or one who hides Himself by His Maya.


Vrushabhaksho: One whose eyes can rain all desirable objects on devotees. Vrushabha means Dharma and so one whose look is Dharma.


Vrushapriyah: One to whom Vrusha or Dharma is dear.



64. Anivarti nivrutatma samkshepta kshema-kruchivah

Shrivasta-vakshah shrivasah shripatih shrimatam-varah

Anivarti: One who never retreats in the battle with Asuras. Or one who, being devoted to Dharma, never abandons it.


Nivrutatma: One whose mind is naturally withdrawn from the objects of senses.


Samkshepta: One who at the time of cosmic dissolution contracts the expansive universe into a subtle state.


Kshema-krut: One who gives Kshema or protection to those that go to him.


Chivah: One who purifies everyone by the very utterance of His name.


Shrivasta vakshah: One on whose chest there is a mark called Shrivasta.


Shrivasah: One on whose chest Shridevi always dwells.


Shripatih: One whom at the time of the churning of the Milk ocean Shridevi chose as her consort, rejecting all other Devas and Asuras. Or Shri mean supreme Cosmic Power. The Lord is the master of that Power.


Shrimatam-varah: One who is supreme over all deities like Brahma who are endowed with power and wealth of the Vedas.



65. Shridah shrishah shrinivasah shrinidhih shri-vibhavanah

Shridharah shrikarah shreyah shriman loka-trayashrayah

Shridah: One who bestows prosperity on devotees.


Shrishah: One who is Lord of the Goddess Shri.


Shrinivasah: Shri here denotes men with Shri, that is, virtue and power. He who dwells in such men is Shrinivasa.


Shrinidhih: One who is the seat of all Shri, that is, virtues and powers.


Shri-vibhavanah: One who grants every form of prosperity and virtue according to their Karma.


Shridharah: One who bears on His chest Shri who is the mother of all.


Shrikarah: One who makes devotees – those who praise, think about Him and worship Him- into virtuous and powerful beings.


Shreyah: ‘Shreyas’ means the attainment of what is un-decaying good and happiness. Such a state is the nature of the Lord.


Shriman: One in whom there are all forms of Shri that is power, virtue, beauty etc.


Loka-trayashrayah: One who is the support of all the three worlds.



66. Svakshah svangah shatanando nandir jyotir-ganeshvarah

Vijitatma vidheyatma satkirtischinna-samsayah

Svakshah: One who’s Akshas (eyes) are handsome like lotus flowers.


Svangah: One whose limbs are beautiful.


Shatanando: One who is non-dual and is of the nature of supreme bliss.


Nandir: One who is of the nature of supreme Bliss.


Jyotir-ganeshvarah: One who is the Lord of the stars, that is, Jyotirgana.


Vijitatma: One who has conquered the Atma that is the mind.


Vidheyatma: One whose form or nature cannot be determined as ‘only this’.


Satkriti: One whose fame is of the nature of truth.


Schinna-samsayah: One who has no doubts, as everything is clear to him like a fruit in the palm.



67. Udirnah sarvata-chakshur-anisah sasvata-sthirah

Bhushayo bhushano bhutir vishokah shoka-nashanah

Udirnah: He who is superior to all beings.


Sarvata-chakshur: One who, being of the nature of pure consciousness, can see everthing in all directions.


Anisah: One who cannot have anyone to lord over him.


Sasvata –sthirah: One, who though eternal is also unchanging.


Bhushayo: One who, while seeking the means to cross over to Lanka, had to sleep on the ground of the sea-beach.


Bhushano: One who adorned the earth by manifesting as various incarnations.


Bhutir: One who is the abode or the essence of everthing, or is the source of all glorious manifestations.


Vishokah: One who, being of the nature of bliss, is free from all sorrow.


Shokanashanah: One who effaces the sorrows of devotees even by mere remembrance.



68. Archishman architah kumbho vishuddhatma vishodhanah

Aniruddho pratirathah pradyumno amita-vikramah

Archishman: He by whose rays of light (Archish), the sun, the moon and other bodies are endowed with rays of light.


Architah: One who is worshipped by Brahma and other Devas who are themselves the objects of worship in all the worlds.


Kumbho: He who contains in Himself every thing as in a pot.


Vishuddhatma: Being above the three Gunas, Satva, Rajas and Tamas, the Lord is pure spirit and is also free from all impurities.


Vishodhanah: One who destroys all sins by mere remembrance.


Aniruddho: The last one of the four Vyuhas – Vasudeva, Samkarshana, Pradyumna and Aniruddha. Or one who, cannot be obstructed by enemies.


Pratirathah: One who has no Pratiratha or an equal antagonist to confront.


Pradyumno: One whose Dyumna or wealth is of a superior and sacred order. Or one of the four Vyuhas.


Amita-vikramah: One of unlimited prowess. Or one whose prowess cannot be obstructed by any one.



69. Kalaneminiha virah saurih sura-janeshvarah

Trilokatma trilokeshah keshavah keshiha harih

Kalanemi-niha: One who destroyed the Asura named Kalanemi.


Virah: One who is courageous.


Saurih: One who was born in the clan of Sura as Krishna.


Sura-janeshvarah: One who by his overwhelming prowess controls even great powers like Indra and others.


Trilokatma: One who in his capacity as the inner pervade is the soul for the three worlds.


Trilokeshah: One under whose guidance and command everything in the three words is functioning.


Keshavah: By Kesha is meant the rays of light spreading within the orbit of the sun.


Keshiha: One who destroyed the Asura named Keshi.


Harih: One who destroys Samsara, that is, entanglement in the cycle of birth and death along with ignorance, its cause.



70. Kamadevah kamapalah kami kantah krutagamah

Anirdeshya-vapur vishnur viro ananto dhananjayah

Kamadevah: One who is desired by persons in quest of the four values of life- Dharma,Artha, Kama and Moksha.


Kamapalah: One who protects or assures the desired ends of people endowed with desires.


Kami: One who by nature has all his desires satisfied.


Kantah: One whose form is endowed with great beauty. Or one who effects the ‘Anta’ or dissolution of ‘Ka’ or Brahma at the end of a Dviparardha. (the period of Brahma’s lifetime extending over a hundred divine years).


Krutagamah: He who produced scriptures like Shruti, Smruti and Agama.


Anirdeshya-vapur: He is called so, because, being above the Gunas, His form cannot be determined.


Vishnur: One whose brilliance has spread over the sky and over the earth.


Viro: One who has the power of Gati or movement.


Ananto: One who pervades everything, who is eternal, who is the soul of all, and who cannot be limited by space, time, location etc.


Dhananjayah: Arjuna is called so because by his conquest of the kingdoms in the four quarters he acquired great wealth. Arjuna is a Vibhuti, a glorious manifestation of the Lord.



71. Brahmanyo brahmakrud-brahma brahma brahma-vivardhanah

Brahmavid brahmano brahmi brahmgno brahmana-priyah ..71

Brahmanyo: The Vedas, Brahmanas and knowledge are indicated by the word Brahma. As the Lord promotes these, He is called Brahmanya.


Brahmakrud: One who performs Brahma or Tapas (austerity).


Brahma: One who creates everything as the creator Brahma.


Brahma: Being big expanding, the Lord who is known from indications like Satya (Truth), is called
Brahma. Or Brahma is Truth, Knowledge and Infinity!


Brahma-vivardhanah: One who promotes Tapas (austerity) etc.


Brahmavid : One who knows the Vedas and their real meaning.


Brahmano:: One who, in the form of Brahmana, instructs the whole world, saying, ‘It is commanded so and so in the Veda’.


Brahmi: One in whom is established such entities as Tapas, Veda, mind, Prana etc. which are parts of Brahma and which are also called Brahma.


Brahmanapriyah: One to whom holy men are devoted.



72. Mahakramo mahakarma mahateja mahoragah

Mahakratur mahayajva mahayagyo mahahavih

Mahakramo: One with enormous strides. May Vishnu with enormous strides bestow on us happiness.


Mahakarma: One who is performing great works like the creation of the world.


Mahateja: He from whose brilliance, sun and other luminaries derive their brilliance. Or one who is endowed with the brilliance of various excellences.


Mahoragah: He is also the great serpent.


Mahakratur: He is the great Kratu or sacrifice.


Mahayajva: One who is great and performs sacrifices for the good of the world.


Mahayayagyo: He who is the great sacrifice.


Mahahavih: The whole universe conceived as Brahman and offered as sacrificial offering (Havis) into the fire of the Self, which is Brahman.



73. Stavyah Stavapriyah stotram stutih stota ranapriyah

Purnah purayita punyah punyakirtir anamayah

Stavyah: One who is the object of laudations of everyone but who never praises any other being.


Stavapriyah: One who is pleased with hymns.


Stotram: A Stotra means a hymn proclaiming the glory, attributes and names of the Lord.


Stutih: A praise.


Stoat: One who, being all –formed, is also the person who sings a hymn of praise.


Ranapriyah: One who is fond of fight for the protection of the world, and for the prupose always sports in His hands the five weapons, the discus Sudarshana, the mace Kaumodaki, the bow
Saranga, and the sword Nandaka besides the conch Panchajanya.


Purnah: One who is self-fulfilled, being the source of all powers and excellences.


Purayita: One who is not only self-fulfilled but gives all fulfillments to others.


Punyah: One by only hearing about whom all sins are erased.


Punyakirtir: One of holy fame. His excellences are capable of conferring great merit on others.


Anamayah: One who is not afflicted by any disease that is born of cause, internal or external.



74. Manojavas tirthakaro vasureta vasupradah

Vasuprado vasudevo vasur vasumana havih

Manojavas: One who, being all pervading, is said to be endowed with speed likes that of the mind.


Thirthakaro: Tirtha means Vidya, a particular branch of knowledge or skill.


Vasureta: He whose Retas (Semen) is gold (Vasu).


Vasupradah: One who gladly bestows wealth in abundance. He is really the master of all wealth, and others who seem to be so are in those positions only because of His grace.


Vasuprado: One who bestows on devotees the highest of all wealth, namely Moksha.


Vasudevo: The son of Vasudeva.


Vasur: He in whom all creation dwells.


Vasumana: One whose mind dwells equally in all things.


Havih: Havis or sacrificial offerings



75. Sadgatih sat-krutih satta sad-bhutih sat-parayanah

Suraseno yadushreshthah sannivasah suyamunah

Sadgatih: One who is attained by such persons. Or who is endowed with intelligence of great excellence.


Sat-krutih: One whose achievements are for the protection of the world.


Satta: Experience that is without any difference of an external nature from similar objects or dissimilar objects as also internal differences is called Satta.


Sad-bhutih: The Paramatman who is pure existence and conscousness, who is unsublatable and who manifests Himself in many ways.


Sat-parayanah: He who is the highest Status attainable by holy men who have realized the Truth.


Suraseno: One having an army of heroic wariours like Hanuman.


Yadushreshthah: One who is the greatest among the Yadus.


Sannivasah: One who is the resort of holy knowing ones.


Suyamunah: One who is surrounded by may illustrious persons associated with the river Yamuna like Devaki, Vasudeva, Nandagopa, Yasoda, Balabhadra, Subhadra etc.



76. Bhutavaso vasudevah sarvasu-nilayo analah

Darpaha darpado drupto durdharo-atha-parajitah

Bhutavaso: He in whom all the beings dwell.


Vasudevah: The Divinity who covers the whole universe by Maya.


Sarvasu-nilayo: He in whose form as the Jiva all the vital energy or Prana of all living beings dissolves.


Analah: One whose wealth or power has no limits.


Darpaha: One who puts down the pride of persons who walk along the unrighteous path.


Darpado: One who endows those who walk the path of righteousness with a sense of self-respect regarding their way of life.


Drupto: One who is ever satisfied by the enjoyment of His own inherent bliss.


Durdharo-atha: One who is very difficult to be borne orcontained in the heart in meditation.


Aparajita: One who is never conquered by internal enemies like attachment and by external enemies like Asuras.



77. Vishvamurtir mahamurtir diptamurtir amurtiman

Anekamurtir avyaktah shatamurtih shatananah

Vishvamurtir: One who, being the soul of all, has the whole universe as His body.


Mahamurtir: One with an enormous form stretched on a bedstead constituted of the serpent Adisesha.


Diptamurtir: One with a luminous form of knowledge.


Amuritman: He who is without a body born of Karma.


Anekamuritr: One who assumes several bodies in His incarnations as it pleases Him in or to help the world.


Avyaktah: One who cannot be clearly described as ‘This’ even though He has many forms.

Satamurtih: One who, though He is of the nature of Pure Consciousness, assumes different forms for temporary purposes.

Shatananah: He is called one with a hundred faces to indicate that He has several forms.


78. Eko naikah savah kah kim yat tat padam-anuttamam

Lokabandhur lokanatho madhavo bhakta-vastalah

Eko: One without any kind of differences that are internal or that relate to similar objects external or to dissimilar objects.

Naikah: One who has numerous bodies born of Maya.


Savah: That Yagya in which Soma is made.


Kah: The syllable ‘Ka’ indicatesjoy or happiness. So it means one who is hymned as constituted of joy.


Kim: One who is fit to be contemplated upon, because He is the summation of all values.


Yat: One who is by nature existent. The word ‘Yat’ indicates a self-subsisting entity.


Tat: Brahma is so called because He ‘expands’.


Padam-anuttamam: Braman is ‘Pada’ or Status, because He is the goal of all Moksha-seekers. It is Anuttama, because It is that beyond which there is nothing else to be attained.


Lokanathah: One to whom all the worlds pray.


Madhavo: One who was born in the clan of Madhu.


Bhaktavatsalah: One who has got love for devotees.



79. Suvarna varno hemango varangas chandanangadi

Viraha vishamah sunyo ghrutasir achalaschalah

Suvarna varno: One who has got the colour of gold.


Hemango: One whose form is like that of gold.


Varangas: He the parts of whose form are brilliant.


Chandanangadi: One who is adorned with armlets that generate joy.


Viraha: One who destroyed heroes (Viras) like Kiranyakashipu for protecting Dharma.


Vishamah: One to whom there is no euql because nothing is comparable to Him by any characteristic.


Sunyah: One who, being without any attributes, appears as Sunya (emptiness).


Ghrutasir: One whose blessings are unfailing.


Achalas: One who cannot be deprived of His real nature as Truth, Intelligence and Infinity.


Chalah: One who moves in the form of air.



80. Amani manado manyo lokasvami triloka-dhruk

Sumedha medhajo dhanyah satyamedha dharadharah

Amani: He who, being of the nature of Pure Consciousness, has no sense of identification with anything that is not Atman.


Manado: One who by His power of Maya induces the sense of self in non-self. Or one who has regard and beneficence towards devotees. Or one who destroys in the knowing ones the sense of identification with the non-self.


Manyo: One who is to be adored by all, because He is the God of all.


Lokasvami: One who is the Lord of all the fourteen spheres.


Triloka-dhruk: One who supports all the three worlds.


Sumedha: One with great and beneficent intelligence.


Medhajo: One who arose from Yaga (a kind of sacrifice).


Dhanyah: One who has attained all His ends and therefore is self-satisfied.


Satyamedhah: One whose intelligence is fruitful.


Dharadharah: One who supports the worlds by His fractiosn like Adisesha.



81. Tejovrusho dyuti-dharah sarva-shastra-bhrutam-varah

Pragrahonigraho vyagro naikashrungo gadagrajah

Tejovrusho: One who in the form of the sun causes rainfall at all times.


Dyuti-dharah: One whose form is always brilliant.


Sarva-shastra-bhrutam-varah: One who is superior to all bearing arms.


Pragraho: One who accepts the offerings of devotees with great delight.


Nigraho: One who controls and destroys everything.


Vyagro: One who has no Agra or end. Or one who is very attentive (Vyagra) in granting the prayers of devotees.


Naikashrungo: One with four horns.


Gadagrajah: One who is revealed first by Mantra (Nigada). Or one who is the elder rbother of Gada.



82. Chaturmurtis chaturbahus chaturvyuhas chaturgatih

Chaturatma chaturbhavas chaturvedavid ekapat

Chaturmurtis: One with four aspects as Virat, Sutratma, Avyakruta, and Turiya. Or one with four horns with colours white, red, yellow and black.


Chaturbahus: One with four arms, as Vasudeva is always described.


Chaturvyuhas: One having four manifestations.


Chatur-gatih: One who is sought as the end by the four Orders of life and four Varnas ordained by the scriptures.


Chaturatma: One whose self is specially endowed with puissance, because it is without any attachment, antagonism etc.


Chaturbhavas: One from whom has originated the four human values – Dharma, Artha, Kama, and Moksha.


Chaturvedavid: One who understands the true meaning of the four Vedas.


Ekapat: One with a single Pada, part or leg. Or one with a single foot or manifestation.



83. Samavarto anivrutatma durjayo duratikramah

Durlabho durgamo durgo duravaso durariha

Samavarto: One who effectively whirls the wheel of Samsara.


Anivrutatma: One who is not Nivruta (separated from) anything or anywhere, because He is all-pervading.


Durjayo: One who cannot be conquered.


Duratikramah: One out of fear of whom, even heavenly objects like sun do not dare to oppose His command.


Durlabho: One who can be attained by Bhakti, which is difficult for a person to be endowed with.


Durgamo: One whom it is difficult to attain.


Durgo: One the attainment of whom is rendered difficult by various obstructions.


Duravaso: He whom the Yogis with very great difficulty bring to reside in their hearts in Samadhi.


Durariha: One who destroys beings like Asuras.



84. Shubhango lokasarangah sutantus tantu-vardhanah

Indrakarma mahakarma krutakarma krutagamah

Shubhango: One whose form is very auspicious to meditate upon.


Lokasarangah: One who like the Saranga (honey-beetle) grasps the essence of the world.


Sutantus: As this universe of infinite extension belongs to Him, the Lord is called Sutantu.


Tantu-vardhanah: One who can augment or contract the web of this world.


Indrakarma: One whose actions are like that of Indra, that is, are of a highly commendable nature.


Mahakarma: One of whom the great elements like Akasha are effects.


Krutakarma: One who has fulfilled everything and has nothing more to accomplish.


Krutagamah: One who has given out the Agama in the shape of the Veda.



85. Udbhavah sundarah sundo ratnanabhah sulochanah

Arko vajasanah shrungi jayantah sarva-vij-jayi

Udbhavah: One who assumes great and noble embodiments out of His own will.


Sundarah: One who has a graceful attractiveness that surprises everyone.


Sundo: One who is noted for extreme tenderness (Undanam).


Ratnanabhah: Ratna indicates beauty; so one whose navel is very beautiful.


Sulochanah: One who has brilliant eyes, that is, knowledge of everything.


Arko: One who is being worshipped even by beings like Brahma who are themselves objects of worship.


Vajasanah: One who gives Vajam (food) to those who entreat Him.


Shrungi: One who at the time of Pralaya (cosmic dissolution) assumed the form of a fish having prominent antenna.


Jayantah: One who conquers enemies easily.


Sarva-vij-jayi: The Lord is ‘Sarvavit’ as He has knowledge of everything. He is ‘Jayi’ because He is the conqueror of all the inner forces like attachment, anger etc., as also of external foes like Hiranyaksha.



86. Suvarna-bindur-akshobhyah sarva-vagishvareshvarah

Mahahrado maha-garto maha-bhuto maha-nidhih

Suvarna-bindur: One whose ‘Bindus’ that is, limbs, are euaql to gold in brilliance.


Akshobhyah: One who is never perturbed by passions like attachment and aversion, by objects of the senses like sound, taste, etc., and by Asuras the antagonists of the Devas.


Sarva-vagishvareshvarah: One who is the master of all masters of learning, including Brahma.


Mahahrado: He is called a great Hrada (lake), because being the paramatman who is of the nature of Bliss, the Yogis who contemplate upon Him dip themselves in that lake of Bliss and attain to great joy.


Maha-garto: One whose Maya is difficult to cross like a ddp pit.


Maha-bhuto: One who is not divided by the three periods of time – past, present and future.


Mahanidhih: One in whom all the great elements have their support. He is Mahan or a great one and ‘Nidhi’, the most precious one.



87. Kumudah kundarah kundah parjanyah pavano anilah

Amrutasho amrutavapuh sarvagyah sarvato-mukha

Kumudah: ‘Ku’ means earth; one who gives joy (muda) to the earth by freeing it of its burdens is Kumuda.


Kundarah: One who offers blessings as pure as Kunda or jasmine.


Kundah: One who has limbs as beautiful as Kunda or Jasmine.


Parjanyah: The word means cloud. One who resembles the cloud in extinguishing the three Tapas (heats, that is, miseries) arising from psychological, material and spiritual causes. Or one who rains all desires like a cloud.


Pavano: One by merely remembering whom a devotee attains purity.


Anilah: ‘Ilanam’ means inducement. One who is without any inducement is Anila. Ilana also means sleep. So one who sleeps not or is ever awake is Anila.


Amrutasho: One who consumes Amruta or immortal bliss, which is His own nature.


Amrutavapuh: One whose form is deathless, that is, undecaying.


Sarvagyah: One who is all-knowing.


Sarvatomukhah: One who has faces everywhere.



88. Sulabhah suvratah siddhah shatru-jit shatru-tapanah

Nyagrodho adumbaro-svatthas chanurandhra-nishudhanah

Sulabhah: One who is attained easily by offering trifles like leaf, flower, and fruits etc. with devotion.


Suvratah: ‘Vratati’ means enjoys. So, one who enjoys pure offerings. It can also mean one who is a non-enjoyer, that is, a mere witness.


Siddhah: One whose objects are always attained, that is, omnipotent and unobstructed by any other will.


Shatru-jit: Conqueror of all forces of evil.


Shatru-tapanah: One who destroys the enemies of the Devas.


Nyagrodho: That which remains above all and grows downward. That is, He is the source of everything that is manifest.


Adumabaro: One who as the Supreme cause is ‘above the sky’, that is, superior to all.


Asvatthas: That which does not last even for the next day.


Chanurandhra nishudhanah: One who destroyed a valiant fighter Chanura belonging to the race of Andhra.



89. Sahasrarchi sapta-jihvah saptaidhah sapta-vahanah

Amurtir anagho achintyo bhayakrud bhaya-nashanah

Sahasrarchi: One with innumerable Archis or rays.


Sapta-jihvah: The Lord in his manifestation as Fire is conceived as having seven tongues of flame.


Saptaidhah: The Lord who is of the nature of fire has seven Edhas or forms of brilliance.


Sapta-vahanah: The Lord in the form of Surya or sun has seven horses as his vehicles or mounts.


Amurtir: One who is without sins or without sorrow.


Achintyo: One who is not determinable by any criteria of knowledge, being Himself the witnessing Self- certifying all knowledge.


Bhayakrud: One who generates fear in those who go along the evil path. Or one who cuts at the root of all fear.


Bhaya-nashanah: One who destroys the fears of the virtuous.



90. Anur bruhat krusah sthulo gunabrun nirguno mahan

Adhrutah svadhrutah svasyah pragvamsho vamshavardhanah

Anur: One who is extremely subtle.


Bruhat: The huge and mighty.


Krusah: One who is non-material.


Sthulo: Being the inner pervader of all, He is figuratively described as Stula or huge.


Gunabrun: The support of the Gunas. He is so called because in the creative cycle of creation, sustentation, and dissolution, He is the support of the Gunas – Satva, Rajas and Tamas – with which these functions are performed.


Nirguno: One who is without the Gunas of Prakruti.


Mahan: The great.


Adhrutah: One who, being the support of all supporting agencies, like Pruthvi (Earth), is not supported by anything external to Him.


Svadhrutah: One supported by oneself.


Svasyah: One whose face is beautiful and slightly red like the inside of a lotus flower.


Pragvamsho: The family lines of others are preceded by the lines of still others, but the Lord’s descendent, namely, the world system, is not preceded by anything else.


Vamshavardhanah: One who augments or destroys the world-system, which is His off-spring.